Diet with heart disease: a balanced diet for successful treatment

Diet with heart disease should maintain the balance of vitamins and trace elements, which the cardiovascular system needs: vitamins A, C, E, and also group B, potassium and magnesium.

The optimal amount of food, its composition, calories and methods of preparation, specially selected depending on the specific disease is called diet. In Greek, diaita means "way of life", "regime".

Compliance with the principles of proper nutrition in cardiac pathologies is aimed at strengthening the heart muscle, normalizing its work and reducing swelling of the tissues. Key principles of a heart disease diet:

• Do not overeat to avoid obesity, complication of the stomach and heart overload;
• food should be easily absorbed: less fat - less cholesterol - less atherosclerotic deposits on the walls of the coronary vessels;
• food intake in small portions 5-6 times during the day;
• limiting the use of salt (up to 3-5 grams per day) - to combat swelling and heart overload;
• restriction of the use of liquid (up to 1-1.5 liters per day, depending on the diagnosis and the patient's condition) - for the same purpose;
• restriction of the use of sugar, which provokes the onset of edema.

Potassium is involved in muscle contraction, regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. A large content of potassium salts is characterized by spinach, green onions, eggplants, potatoes (in the liver form), Brussels sprouts, legumes (including peanuts), sea kale (laminaria), pumpkin, bananas, apples, peaches, apricots (dried apricots), grapes (raisins), prunes, honey, nuts.

Magnesium compounds contribute to the removal of vascular and muscle spasms, helps to synthesize proteins and remove cholesterol from the body. In the list of foods with a high content of this trace element are: wheat bran, pumpkin and sunflower seeds, sesame, almonds, cedar and walnuts, buckwheat, soy, olives, watermelon, dates, parsley, spinach.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

Menu diet for heart disease

It is clear that this menu diet with heart disease (Nos. 10, 10A, 10C, 10I) is approximate. And here the main thing is to catch the principle of rational nutrition and learn how to vary dishes in accordance with the recommendations of dietitians. Of course, someone who can not stand semolina porridge, will cook oatmeal or buckwheat, and who does not like stew cabbage will cook a vegetable stew.

So, what do physicians recommend to heart patients?

• For breakfast: steam omelet or cottage cheese with sour cream (100 g), milk porridge (100 g), tea (200 ml).
• For the second breakfast: an orange or an apple (fresh or baked).
• For lunch: vegetarian borscht or vegetable soup (200 g), low-fat boiled meat or poultry with garnish of stewed vegetables (150 g), fruit dessert (100 g).
• For a mid-afternoon snack: a decoction of wild rose berries, jelly or fruit juice (200 ml), 2-3 crumbs or biscuits.
• For dinner: boiled sea fish (150 g) with stewed cabbage (100 g), tea or compote (200 ml).
• Before going to bed (2 hours before bedtime): 6 pieces of prunes or dried apricots, or a glass of kefir.

The recommended daily bread norm is 200 g (half - rye), and sugar - no more than 35 grams.

It is estimated that the nutritional value of a diet for heart disease should be: 85 g of proteins (45 g of which are of animal origin), 80 g of fats (30 g of them are vegetable), not more than 350 g of carbohydrates. The total recommended calorie content is in the range of 2200-2400 calories per day.

Recipes for dishes with heart disease

Tips for cooking with heart disease:

• to reduce the fatty meat broth, you need to boil the meat for 10 minutes, drain the water, pour the meat with fresh water and cook until ready:
• to improve the taste of a dietary nonsaline dish, you can season it with herbs of dill, parsley, cilantro (coriander), tarragon, basil.

Recipes for heart disease: salads

Potato salad

• 250 g of potatoes, cooked in a peel, clean and cut into cubes. Chop half a bulb, a small fresh apple and parsley. Mix everything, season with olive oil.

Beetroot Salad

• 300 g of beetroot cooked in a peel to clear and grate on a large grater. Finely chop the onion (30 g), let it in a small amount of water, cool, sprinkle with lemon juice or vinegar, sprinkle with sugar (10 g) and let stand for 5 minutes. Then combine with beets and fill with a tablespoon of any vegetable oil.

Parsley salad in Moroccan style

• Necessary products: 120 g of parsley greens, 30 g onions, quarter of lemon, 2 g of salt. Parsley and onions finely chop, mix with finely chopped pulp of lemon, add and immediately serve.

Recipes for heart disease: soups

Dietary soup with roots

For 2 liters of vegetable or weak meat broth you need to take: potatoes (3 pieces), carrots (1 medium size), parsley root (1 pc.), Celery root (100 g), leek (1 stem), ghee (half a tablespoon), salt (1 g).

Roots - carrots, parsley and celery, and also cut leeks into small straws and put in melted butter, then pour water and let it simmer for 5-10 minutes. Add potatoes, diced to them, and allow to simmer for another 5 minutes. After this, send everything to the pan with boiling broth, add salt and cook until the soft state of the vegetables. When serving, sprinkle with herbs.

[5]

Dietary soup with spinach

On 1.5 liters of water or a weak meat broth you need: potatoes (300 g), carrots (1 medium size), spinach (250-300 g), medium bulb, bunch of dill, vegetable oil (tablespoon), salt 3 g).

In boiling water (or broth) put the diced potatoes. Grated carrots and chopped onions are lightly fried in vegetable oil and sent after the potatoes. When the potatoes are almost cooked, they add the previously chopped spinach and dill to the pan. After boiling, add the soup and cook it for another 3-4 minutes.

[6], [7]

Recipes of dishes with heart disease: the second dishes

Macaroni casserole with meat and cheese

Necessary products: pasta (450 g), boiled beef or chicken (200 g), cheese (100 g), carrots (1 medium size), raw chicken eggs (2 pieces), medium onion, vegetable oil, ground black pepper, salt (2-3 g).

In salted water, cook pasta, drain water. In vegetable oil lightly fry the grated carrots and chopped onions. Boiled meat finely chopped (across the fibers), grate the cheese.

In a greased form, put half of the pasta, then carrots with onions and meat. We put the rest of pasta on top, pour eggs (as for omelette) with eggs and cover with grated cheese. Bake in the oven, heated to 180-185 ° C, for 20-25 minutes.

Puff Pastry Vegetable Stew

To prepare this dish, which will be a pleasure to eat and those who do not adhere to a diet for heart disease, you need the following products:

Potatoes (2 pieces), eggplant (1 medium size), one small vegetable marrow (common or zucchini), Bulgarian pepper (2 pcs.), garlic (2 teeth), bunch of dill, sour cream (150-180 g) vegetable oil (4 tablespoons) salt (3 g).

Potatoes, eggplant and zucchini peel and cut into thin slices. Pepper should be cleaned of seeds and cut into long thin slices. In a kettle or a pot with a thick bottom, pour the vegetable oil and lay the vegetables in layers, salting and pouring the chopped herbs and garlic. We pour all the sour cream and send it to a hot oven for 45 minutes. Stirring is not recommended during preparation.

Pumpkin-carrot pancakes

Grind with a grater 150 g of peeled raw pumpkin, the same operation done with 150 g of raw carrots. Make semi-liquid dough from 100-150 ml of kefir or curdled milk, one egg and 2-3 tablespoons of flour. Do not forget to add soda (at the tip of the knife) and a teaspoon of granulated sugar. Next, you need to put the dough into grated carrots and pumpkin and mix well.

Pancakes are baked on a greased frying pan, served on a table with sour cream.

According to the "father of medicine" Hippocrates, the actions of drugs are transitory, and the actions of dietary funds are long. So tune in to the fact that a heart disease diet is an important part of your treatment. Moreover, long-term treatment, but very effective. And very delicious!

What can you eat with heart disease?

• Low-fat varieties of meat (veal, rabbit, chicken, turkey);
• sea fish and seafood;
• eggs (no more than five pieces per week);
• vegetable oil (olive, sunflower, corn);
• vegetables (fresh, steamed, steamed);
• rice, millet, buckwheat, oatmeal and barley cereals, pasta;
• milk and dairy products (low-fat kefir, fermented baked milk, curdled milk, sour cream, cottage cheese);
• beans (beans, peas, lentils), corn, potatoes (in boiled form);
• bread from wholemeal flour;
• fresh fruits;
• nuts, dried fruits.

What you can not eat with heart disease?

• fatty meat and fish;
• butter, margarine, interior animal fat, lard;
• fresh bakery products from flour of higher grades; - all fried;
• rich broths;
• canned food, marinades, pickles (including sauerkraut);
• spicy sauces and condiments;
• strong tea, coffee and cocoa, alcoholic beverages;
• chocolate and chocolates.