Small signs of pregnancy

Signs of pregnancy in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy are manifested by early symptoms of amenorrhea, nausea, vomiting and irritability of the bladder. The mammary glands are enlarged, the nipples expand (darken by the 12th week). The glands of the Montgomerie (glands of the nipple mug) become more prominent. The vascularization of the vulva increases, and the cervix softens and looks bluish (cyanotic), which occurs by the 4th week of pregnancy. By the 6th 10th week the lower part of the uterus softens, at the same time the uterus's bottom acquires a spherical shape (Geghar's sign). The basal temperature rises (more than 37.8 ° C).

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Common signs of pregnancy

Headaches, palpitations, fainting are frequent signs of pregnancy, they occur much more often than in everyday life, which is caused by a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. The tactics of conducting in such cases: increased fluid intake and shower intake. The increased frequency of urination is associated with the pressure of the fetal head on the bladder at later stages of pregnancy. In such cases, it is necessary to exclude urinary tract infection.

Vomiting and nausea are the most signs of pregnancy, which are noted in 50% of pregnant women. It appears at the 4th week and is aggravated between 5-10th week, disappearing to the 14th week. Most pregnant women are helped by the regime of frequent fractional reception of small amounts of food. The need to use drugs, such as cyclizine (Cyclizine) at a dose of 50 mg every 8 hours, inside, occurs rarely.

Indomitable vomiting of pregnant women is rare (1: 1000). Clinical manifestations: the inability to swallow food or liquids, weight loss of 2-5 kg. With considerable severity, indomitable vomiting can lead to dehydration, hypovolemia, electrolyte balance disorders with hyponatremic shock, vitamin deficiency (a deficiency of B vitamins can be complicated by polyneuritis), hepatic and renal insufficiency. Treatment: hospitalization is indicated. To facilitate regulation of the volume of extracellular fluid, intravenous infusions puncture the vein or establish a permanent venous catheter. Fix fluid loss with vomit. Exclude the presence of urinary tract infection. In the ultrasound study exclude the presence of twins or bladder drift. There may be a need for intravenous antiemetics (eg, metoclopramide, 10 mg every 8 hours). In most cases, the pathological condition regresses.

Abdominal pain is a sign of pregnancy, but early in life it can be a harbinger of miscarriage, and at later times it is caused by abnormalities of the uterus (rupture, degeneration of fibromyomatous nodules), ovaries, appendicitis, which is difficult to recognize in pregnancy, or urinary tract infection. Reduction of the round ligament of the uterus may be accompanied by a weak pain in the left ileum.

It is also important to know such signs of pregnancy as constipation or difficulty in bowel evacuation, which are caused by a decrease in the peristaltic activity of the gastrointestinal fact. To prevent constipation, you need to consume an adequate amount of fluid and enrich the diet with fiber. Avoid laxatives that stimulate the contractile activity of smooth muscles, as in some women they can increase the contractile capacity of the uterus. Increased propensity to stretch the veins and the fullness of the veins in the basin of the pelvis predispose to the development of hemorrhoids (in the case of a hemorrhoids, a woman should lie down with her head down and apply ice packs to the nodes) and varicose veins . In such cases, you can recommend a woman to provide an elevated position of the limbs during rest and wear elastic stockings.

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Rare signs of pregnancy

Reflux esophagitis, heartburn and pain in the lower part of the chest - these are the signs of pregnancy, which appear at the pyloric sphincter relaxation, resulting in reflux of bile into the stomach. You should stop smoking and eating spices, food should be taken in small portions, it is possible to use antacids.

In the third trimester, back pain is often associated with relaxation of the ligaments and pelvic muscles and, as a rule, worse at night. In such cases, you can recommend a woman to sleep on a firm mattress, wear shoes with a low heel and in a standing position to support the back straight.

Carpal syndrome in pregnancy is caused by fluid retention. Wearing a tire on the wrist area before the onset of labor solves this problem.

An itchy rash may be caused by physiological causes (it is advisable to perform functional liver tests) or dermatosis of pregnant women with an intense itching rash on the abdomen and extremities. If these signs of pregnancy have appeared, prescribe softening agents that relieve the itching, and after the delivery the rash disappears completely.

Edema of the ankles and lower legs (occurring in 33% of pregnant women) usually have no clinical significance, however, if these signs of pregnancy appear, you still need to measure blood pressure and examine urine to determine the protein content in it. It is necessary to examine the legs of the patient to exclude deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Edema often decreases in rest. It is also necessary to advise a woman during rest to provide the lower extremities with an elevated position.

Cramps and spasms of the limbs disturb 33% of women in the second half of pregnancy and reach a significant degree in 5% of cases, often aggravated at night. The elevated position of the feet - to a height of 20 cm from the horizontal - facilitates this malaise.