Therapeutic diets in pregnancy

A therapeutic diet during pregnancy helps the body of the expectant mother cope with a difficult task - bearing a healthy baby. Therefore, it is based, first of all, on the rules of a balanced diet, which includes the use of substances that are exclusively beneficial for the human body.

But what to do if a pregnant woman has problems with certain organs? In this case, the issue of proper nutrition should be approached especially carefully. Of course, you will need to take all the necessary tests to determine the causes of the development of pathologies, as well as strictly follow the doctor's recommendations.

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Diet for the liver during pregnancy

A diet for the liver during pregnancy is aimed at improving the functioning of this vital organ, which is characterized by performing several functions at the same time. One of the main ones is the "barrier": the liver retains harmful substances entering through the skin and with food. The results of a failure in its work are metabolic disorders, deterioration of blood filtration, active production of "harmful" cholesterol, etc. That is why it is so important for a pregnant woman to follow a special diet aimed at reducing the load on this organ and improving its functioning.

What are the features of such a diet? First of all, it should consist of products with low cholesterol, sodium, fats, but with an increased amount of carbohydrates and proteins. The diet should also include vitamin supplements prescribed by the attending physician.

In case of liver diseases or disorders, pregnant women are advised to refrain from consuming salt, as it provokes fluid retention, which leads to swelling. Among the products that have a beneficial effect on the liver, dairy products can be singled out: sour cream, milk, cottage cheese products, yogurt, kefir. It is important to remember about daily consumption of vegetables and fruits, as well as boiled meat and fish.

The diet for the liver during pregnancy consists of a menu that includes viscous porridge, oatmeal dishes, honey, puddings and casseroles made from cereals. Fast food dishes are strictly prohibited, as well as sweets in the form of chocolate, cakes, and pastries.

Approximately, a one-day menu for pregnant women with liver problems might look like this:

• First breakfast. Black grain bread, butter, a glass of tea or cocoa.
• Second breakfast. Fruit or dairy product: kefir, fermented baked milk, whole milk.
• Lunch. Semolina soup, mashed potatoes, beef, boiled beets, dried fruit compote.
• Afternoon snack. Fruit or dairy product.
• Dinner. Rice porridge, buckwheat, tea, or low-fat hard cheese and salad with spinach.

The expectant mother should be aware of the physiological changes that occur in her body at different stages of pregnancy. For example, in the last months, the liver and kidneys begin to work with greater load, so salads and light soups should be included in the diet, and meat should be consumed only boiled or baked, without adding spices or any seasonings. The way the expectant mother eats affects not only her well-being and the coordinated work of her internal organs, but also the correct intrauterine development of the baby.

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Diet 5 during pregnancy

A diet during pregnancy, including a complete, balanced diet, is aimed at the coordinated work of internal organs and optimal metabolism in the mother's body. However, if it is violated, it is necessary to use a special diet, which in medicine received No. 5.

Diet 5 during pregnancy is designed primarily to normalize and improve metabolism, as well as activate the work of the internal organs of the expectant mother: the liver, stomach and pancreas, as well as the duodenum and intestines. With rational nutrition, the body of the expectant mother experiences activation of recovery processes by producing enzymes necessary for breaking down food, secreting bile, and stimulating protein synthesis. This regime includes 5 meals a day in fractional portions.

In the process of preparing dishes recommended by nutritionists for diet No. 5, as well as when pregnant women consume certain foods, it is necessary to take into account a number of important features:

• Bread should be consumed slightly dried, preferably rye, with bran or baked from sifted flour. Of flour products, dry biscuits, baked pies and unsweetened cookies are recommended.
• Regarding first courses, pregnant women should preferably eat vegetarian soups (vegetable, fruit, cereal, milk), and from cold dishes - various meat dishes, vinaigrette, as well as vegetable salads, baked or boiled fish, hard low-fat cheese.
• Vegetables can be eaten raw or boiled, they can also be baked or stewed.
• Of the porridges, preference should be given to oatmeal and buckwheat, pasta is allowed in limited quantities; meat pilaf with the addition of dried fruits is also recommended, as well as puddings with carrots, apples or cottage cheese.
• Eggs are best added to other dishes. The whites can be used to make a steamed omelette.
• It is necessary to ensure that the diet of a pregnant woman includes dairy and fermented milk products: kefir, cottage cheese, natural and condensed milk, salted hard cheese.
• Of the fish, only low-fat varieties are recommended for consumption (hake, pike, navaga, etc.). These varieties of fish can be boiled, baked, and minced meat can be used to make quenelles, steamed cutlets, meatballs, and soufflés.
• It is necessary to use only lean meat - chicken is best for this purpose, as well as dietary rabbit meat, turkey fillet. It is recommended to eat it boiled, as well as baked.
• Sauces can be prepared using sour cream and milk, vegetable broths, and various fruits and berries.
• Excessive consumption of sweets is unacceptable; for this purpose, it is preferable to consume honey and sweet fruits.
• Recommended drinks include sweet fruit and vegetable juices, compotes, as well as fruit drinks and rosehip infusion.

It is necessary to remember about prohibited food products when following diet No. 5. These include fresh bread, canned food, smoked meats, broths based on meat, mushrooms and fish. It is not recommended to eat vegetables with a strong taste (radishes, garlic, spinach, horseradish), as well as legumes, sauces. Pregnant women should not get carried away with fried eggs, meat by-products, black coffee. Doctors recommend eating small portions and often, at intervals of 2-3 hours, when following diet No. 5. With this diet, toxicosis is less painful, and the metabolism is carried out normally.

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Diet 7 during pregnancy

A diet during pregnancy limits the intake of foods that can cause digestive problems or malfunction of internal organs in the expectant mother. In the last months before childbirth, the work of such vital organs as the liver and kidneys is especially stressed. If problems with their functioning are observed, a pregnant woman must be especially attentive to her diet. To treat and prevent nephritis, as well as to reduce the load on the kidneys of a pregnant woman, a special diet number 7 is used.

Diet 7 during pregnancy is aimed at removing edema in expectant mothers, reducing hypertension, and activating metabolism in order to better remove processed substances from the body of the expectant mother. This diet is characterized by eating food with a reduced content of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, within the limits of acceptable physiological norms. All dishes must be prepared without adding salt - its daily dosage is determined by a nutritionist in each specific case and most often does not exceed 6 grams. The amount of so-called "free" fluid of a pregnant woman should be reduced to 1 liter per day.

When following diet number 7, expectant mothers are advised to avoid extractive substances, products containing oxalic acid, and essential oils. Meat and fish are recommended to be consumed boiled. As for the temperature regime of the dishes consumed, it should be normal.

Among the dishes and products permitted by diet No. 7, we can highlight: unsalted bread, vegetarian soups, beef, veal, poultry, fish. Eggs, various dairy products, vegetables, cereals, snacks in the form of vinaigrette, vegetable salads are also recommended. Of the drinks, it is best to choose vegetable and fruit juices, compotes, rosehip infusion, fruit decoctions, tea, cocoa and weak coffee.

Therapeutic diet during pregnancy number 7 consists of proper cooking. Meat and fish are best steamed, stewed or baked. It is preferable to eat eggs "soft-boiled", as lunch dishes you can use vegetarian borscht with sour cream, vegetable soups based on cereals. For an afternoon snack, it would be most rational to eat a baked apple, dinner can consist of carrot-apple or cottage cheese cutlets with tea. Food should be tasty and healthy!

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