Basic medical procedures necessary for the treatment of children

• Mustard wrap

Take 2-3 tablespoons of dry mustard, dilute to the consistency of liquid slurry in a small amount of warm water, close the pan and set for 20-30 minutes in a warm place. After the mustard solution has been infused and gives a sharp irritating smell, add up to 1 liter of hot water (38-40 ° C), stir and in the resulting liquid solution the diaper is wetted. Well wrung out, wrap it with the back and chest of the child (you first have to check with your hand to feel that the diaper was warm, but not scalding). On top of the child wrapped in a dry diaper and blanket. Mustard wraps last 10-20 minutes, depending on the action of mustard. If it works well, then the child screams after 10 minutes, his skin turns red and the diaper needs to be removed. If the child is calm, you can keep it in this diaper for 15 minutes. After the mustard wrap, the skin is wiped off with a warm, damp, and then with a dry towel (remove the remains of mustard), smeared with petroleum jelly, put the shirt on the child, and put it to bed.

• The mustard

Take equal amounts of dry mustard and flour (for example, two tablespoons), ground and diluted with warm water until the density of sour cream. Having folded four times a diaper, spread it with the mixture obtained and apply it to the body with the side on which the mustard is smeared from the inside. This part of the diaper is pre-wetted with water. The mustard is placed on the chest and back and held for 10 minutes. In the future, they do the same as with the mustard wrap. Children over the age of six months can put ready mustards directly on the chest and back, the younger - through gauze (but not through the newspaper!). Gorchichniki, like banks, can not be placed on the heart and spine.

• Banks

Banks put children over three years old. The technique is the same as for adults.

• Heating compress

A warming compress does not introduce heat from outside, but delays the heat emitted by the body. A warming compress is not recommended for children with pneumonia. Take gauze, fold in eight times, moisten with warm water or liquid prescribed by a doctor (diluted alcohol, vodka, etc.), squeeze well and put in the indicated place. Then lay a second layer - a compress paper, which must completely cover the damp cloth (gauze), the third layer - cotton wool - completely covers the previous two. All this is well bandaged and left for 2-3 hours, then removed. The place where the compress was, knotted, leaving cotton wool.

• Warmers

Rubber heating pad for two thirds of the volume is filled with water, heated to approximately 45 ° C (not boiling water!). Lightly squeezing, until water comes out of the neck, air is removed and screwed. Turning down the stopper, make sure that the water does not leak. Then the warmer is wrapped in a diaper and placed under the blanket at a palm rest from the child. Change the heating pad after 40-50 minutes.

• Gadgets

Application of cold (as prescribed by the doctor): a) cold lotions. The fabric folded in several layers is dampened in cold water (not at room temperature), squeezed to prevent melting, and put on the skin. The lotion should be changed frequently (after 10-15 minutes); b) the bubble is filled up to half with small pieces of ice, air is released, tightly screwed and suspended on a towel over the head of the child (to just touch lightly).

• Healing baths

(They are used as directed by a doctor.)

Hot bath. Pour water at a temperature of 36 ° C, immerse the baby in it and gently add hot water from the legs. The temperature of the bath is adjusted to 38-40 ° C, the bath time is no more than 5 minutes. The head does not wet the head with hot water (a rag soaked in cold water is put on the head), soap is not consumed. After a hot bath the child is wiped with a warm sheet, dressed in warm clothes and warmly wrapped.

Bath with potassium permanganate. The water temperature is 36-37 ° C. A solution of potassium permanganate is poured into the bath so that the water has a pink tinge. Crystals in a bath can not be thrown so as not to cause skin burns.

Salt bath (bath with salt). The table salt is poured into a bag and dipped in hot water. When the salt dissolves, the pouch is removed, and the solution is poured into the bath. The water temperature is 35-36 ° C, the duration of the bath is 5-10 minutes. After bathing the child is poured fresh water. Calculation: 1 kg of salt per 100 liters of water.

Mustard baths. 100 g of dry mustard is dissolved in hot water and, filtering through gauze, poured into a bath. Bath temperature 37 ° С. Duration - 10 minutes. The top of the bath is covered with a sheet, leaving the child's head outside to avoid the irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose.

Foot mustard baths. The legs of the child are lowered into a bucket with a solution of mustard (50 g of mustard per bucket of water). The water temperature in the bucket is initially 37 ° C, then, constantly pouring hot water, it is brought to 38-39 ° C. The duration of the bath is 10 minutes. After the bath wear socks made of sheep or dog hair and put the child to bed.

• Cleansing enemas

Before use, the enema is boiled. It is also desirable to use boiled water. For newborns take 50-60 ml of water, for five-seven-month children - 60-100 ml, for children from seven months to a year and older - 200-250 ml. The water temperature is 25-28 ° С. Picking up water in the enema and lifting the tip up, gently release air. The tip is smeared with Vaseline and injected into the anus at 3 cm. The child lies on the left side on a diaper, laid on an oilcloth. The balloon is slowly squeezed until all the water comes out of it. After this, without opening the balloon, remove the tip from the anus and hold the buttocks closed for 3-5 minutes so that the water does not pour out.

• Drops

Burial of drops in the nose. The nose is cleaned with cotton wicks soaked in soda or boiled water, or with special chopsticks at a depth of 1 cm.

Each nostril needs a separate rod (wick). Simultaneously, both nostrils can not be cleaned (otherwise how will the baby breathe?). Then the child is laid on his back, the head slightly tilted to the side. After taking the medicine in the pipette, release the prescribed amount of drops into the nostril corresponding to the inclination of the head (into the underlying one) and keep the child in the same position for a while, so that the medicine passes into the nasopharynx.

Burying drops in the eyes. The baby's head is tightly held, the lower eyelid is pulled down and droplets are injected at the outer corner of the eyes. Eye and nose pipettes should be stored separately in jars with a closed lid, after use, boil.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]