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Prevention of keloid and hypertrophic scars
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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As already noted above, the addition of secondary infection and concomitant chronic inflammation promotes the appearance of keloid and hypertrophic scars. Often, such scars occur in patients with a genetic or acquired predisposition, but no less often in weakened patients, especially after large injuries, burns, against the background of an infection.
Strictly speaking, the prevention of pathological scars coincides on many points with the prevention of complications after aesthetic and dermatological surgical operations, as well as with the prevention of scars after various skin injuries. However, patients with a predisposition to such scars and patients with developed prolonged inflammation of the destruction zone are potentially contingent in this regard. Therefore, they require increased attention and more careful compliance with all points relating to the prevention of scarring.
Such patients are required to:
- as quickly as possible to clean the wound surface using enzymes, antibiotics, antiseptics, biologically active wound coatings,
- improve microcirculation and reduce tissue hypoxia with vasoactive drugs (theonikol, andecalin, trental, capillar, sodium salicylate, oxygen injection);
- improve metabolic processes and increase the resistance of tissues with the help of trace elements, vitamins (K, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, vit C, groups B, E); systemic enzyme therapy; biologically active substances introduced per os, phonophoresis, electrophoresis, laser phoresis, mesotherapy;
- increase local and general immunity, using immunomodulating drugs: imunofan, immunal, timolin, thymogen. Aloe, vitreous, decaris, interferon-alpha, gamma, interleukin-2 human recombinant, oxygen therapy, ozone therapy;
- To treat wound surfaces under modern moisturizing and antiseptic wound covers:
- at the stage of completion of epithelialization, it is compulsory to conduct at least one session of Bucca therapy or a course of close-focus radiorentgenotherapy.
- recommend at home at least 2 times a day to lubricate scars with contractubex or kelofibrease alternating with hydrocortisone ointment.
If, in spite of the measures being taken, the patient will notice the growth of the scar, or, the increase in color in the direction of red-cyanotic color and itching, it is necessary to begin systematic treatment of the scar in a dermatologist or dermatocosmetologist.
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