Methods of surgical correction of baldness

Surgical methods are resorted to only when treatment is ineffective, and various tricks, such as masking bald spots with remaining strands, look, at the very least, frivolous. Among the surgical approaches to solving this problem by the end of the 20th century, the following directions were defined:

Plastic surgery to remove bald spots. A technique that exists in the surgical field of hair transplantation, where bald spots are cut out, the scalp is pulled up and stitched. This method is most often used when they want to cut out too much scar tissue.

Flap plastic surgery. A method in which the doctor cuts out a strip of scalp from the donor area in the occipital region, the length of which is equal to the horizontal dimension of the baldness zone and the width of 1–2 hair follicles, turns it over and transplants it to the frontal-parietal zone along the hairline.

Subdermal expanders are surgical devices consisting of flat inflatable pockets and ports for injections. Such a device is implanted under the scalp, then by means of injections of special compounds over several weeks it increases in size, at the same time stretching the scalp, which allows the surgeon to cut and transfer the stretched skin with hair to those places where baldness has formed.

Transplantation of artificial hair (microfibers). Transplantation is carried out by the "picking" method. There is special equipment that allows making a pinpoint puncture or cut on the skin, where the artificial hair is implanted. At the end of the fiber there is a loop that straightens in the deep layers of the skin, and then grows into connective tissue. The micro scar that forms in this place over time holds the hair in the skin.

The method is attractive primarily because of its simplicity and quick results - a bald person comes in and leaves the doctor with hair. This hair is made of biocompatible synthetic material, it does not grow, can be rejected, quite often leads to purulent and other complications, and falls out over time. For these reasons, in the USA and some European countries, the use of artificial hair for transplantation is prohibited by law. Absolute contraindications are chronic and fungal diseases of the scalp, diabetes and psycho-emotional imbalance.

Autologous hair transplantation. A method that involves redistributing one's own genetically healthy hair (follicles) to bare areas of the scalp.

Autotransplantation is performed when necessary in cases of cicatricial and androgenic (if it does not respond to hormone therapy) alopecia. Eyebrow hair transplantation for focal alopecia is also singled out separately. A huge amount of information can be found on websites devoted to the problems of hair treatment and care about all this, the pros and cons of surgical intervention, methods and tools. Unfortunately, all this information is mixed with advertising of clinics offering their services, and it is often difficult to identify the main thing.

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