Laser irradiation of blood: mechanism of action, methodology, indications and contraindications

Laser irradiation of blood provides a more pronounced effect of non-specific regulation of biologically significant processes.

Structural alteration of the aqueous matrix of biofluids (blood, plasma, lymph) under direct exposure to laser radiation causes:

• changes in intermolecular interactions (lipid - water, protein - water, lipid - protein, conformational rearrangements in proteins);
• changes in the physicochemical properties of biofluids (diffusion rheology, phase stability);
• changes in mechanical, transport, structural and other properties of membranes, organelles and cells;
• changes in the activity of biochemical reactions.

As a result of all these processes, the clinical plan notes a detoxifying effect, thrombolytic action, stimulation of tissue regeneration, increased cell resistance to pathogenic agents, stimulation of general and local immune defense factors, a decrease in the pathogenicity of microbes and an increase in their sensitivity to antibiotics, normalization of lipid metabolism and some other therapeutic effects.

There are three main methods of laser blood irradiation:

1. intravenous;
2. extracorporeal;
3. transcutaneous.

The first two methods, being invasive, require special equipment and sterile conditions, and therefore cannot be widely used in cosmetology practice.

Transcutaneous supravascular laser irradiation of blood (NLBI) is much simpler in terms of procedure, painless and safe for the patient

Method 1.

To perform the procedure, the laser emitter is contact installed above the selected large main vessel strictly perpendicular to the body surface. A slight pressure is allowed. The output power at the end of the emitter is 29-30 mW, exposure is 20-30 min, the course of treatment is 10-15 daily procedures.

Method 2.

At the output power of the light guide of 20 mW. The dose of LILI is 15-18 mJ/cm3 ^, the exposure is 25-30 min. The course consists of 10 daily procedures, a repeated course after a week's break.

Method 3.

NLOC near infrared range, wavelength 0.83 µm; areas of the elbow and knee fossa at a power density of 15 mW/cm2 ^, 4 fields for 5 min; 4-5 sessions of paravertebral exposure at a power density of 15 mW/cm3 ^, 2 min per point; 2 courses with an interval of 1 week.

Indications: atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, onychomycosis, furunculosis. These diseases are not treated in a cosmetology facility.

Intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI)

The methods of intravital biomicroscopy and skin macrofluorometry showed a positive effect of VLOC on microcirculation processes: a decrease in the "microcirculatory block" was observed due to an increase in the diameter of the arterial branch of the capillary loops and a decrease in the diameter of the venular section, an increase in the number of functioning capillaries. Laser therapy has a favorable effect on the state of oxidative metabolism of the skin, on the ratio of reduced forms of pyridine nucleotides and oxidative forms of flavoproteins.

VLOC has a pronounced immunomodulatory effect, manifested in an increase in the total number of T-lymphocytes, T-helpers and T-suppressors in the blood of patients, normalization of the immunoregulatory index helpers / T-suppressors, enhancement of biosynthetic and bioenergetic processes: an increase in the activity of direct and reverse malate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating NADPH-dependent malate dehydrogenase, glycerol triphosphate dehydrogenase, a decrease in the activity of anaerobic lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; normalization of the content of cortisol, somatotropic hormone, C-peptide and insulin, the level of alpha- and beta-lipoproteins, phospholipids, free cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood serum,

VLOC can be used to increase the effectiveness of complex treatment of severe forms of pyoderma and acne.

Methodology

VLOC at a power density of 20 mW/cm2 ^, exposure 20-40 min, a course of 5-7 procedures.

Against the background of the use of laser reflexotherapy, along with the clinical improvement of dermatosis, a tendency to normalize electrophysiological parameters, electrical resistance, temperature, galvanic reflex, and electrical potential of the skin is noted. The procedure is most effective in patients with eczema, atopic dermatitis, and lichen planus. Biologically active points in which the maximum increase in biopotential is observed during laser puncture are located on the auricle in patients with skin diseases. In eczema, these are the points of the liver, heart, and spleen; in atopic dermatitis, these are the points of the heart, spleen, and lungs; in lichen planus, these are the points of the kidneys, pancreas, and colon.

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