Laser blood irradiation: mechanism of action, technique, indications and contraindications
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Laser irradiation of blood provides a more pronounced effect of nonspecific regulation of biologically significant processes.
Structural alteration of the aqueous matrix of biofluids (blood, plasma, lymph) with direct exposure to them by laser radiation causes:
- changes in intermolecular interactions (lipid-water, protein-water, lipid-protein, conformational rearrangements in proteins);
- changes in the physicochemical properties of biofluids (diffusion rheology, phase stability);
- changes in mechanical, transport, structural and other properties of membranes, organelles and cells;
- changes in the activity of biochemical reactions.
As a result of all these processes, detoxification effect, thrombolytic effect, stimulation of tissue regeneration, increase of cell resistance to pathogenic agents, stimulation of general and local immune defense factors, decrease in pathogenicity of microbes and increase of their sensitivity to antibiotics, normalization of lipid metabolism and some other therapeutic effects.
There are three main ways of laser irradiation of blood:
- intravenous;
- extracorporeal;
- transcutaneous.
The first two methods, being invasive, require special equipment and sterile conditions, and therefore can not be widely used in cosmetology practice.
Transcutaneous superovascular laser irradiation of blood (NLOK) is much easier in the procedural plan, painless and safe for the patient
Method 1.
To carry out the procedure, the laser emitter is contacted with a strictly perpendicular to the surface of the body above the selected large main vessel. A small press is allowed. The output power at the end of the radiator is 29-30 mW, the exposure is 20-30 min, the baking rate is 10-15 daily procedures.
Method 2.
With a power or light output of 20 mW. The dose of LDPE is 15-18 mJ / cm 3, the exposure is 25-30 min. The course consists of 10 daily procedures, a second course after a one-week break.
Method 3.
NLOK of the near infrared range, wavelength 0.83 μm; the area of the elbow and knee pits with a power density of 15 mW / cm 2, 4 fields of 5 min; 4-5 sessions of paravertebral action at a power density of 15 mW / cm 3, 2 min per point; 2 courses with an interval of 1 week.
Indication: atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, onychomycosis, furunculosis. In the conditions of a cosmetic institution, treatment of these diseases is not carried out.
Intravenous laser irradiation of blood (VLOK)
Methods of intravital biomicroscopy and macrofluorimetry of the skin. The positive effect of the VLOK on microcirculation has been shown: a decrease in the "microcirculatory block" was observed due to an increase in the diameter of the arterial branch of the capillary loops and a decrease in the diameter of the venular section, and an increase in the number of functioning capillaries. Laser therapy favorably affects the state of oxidative metabolism of the skin, the ratio of reduced forms of pyridine nucleotides and oxidative forms of flavoproteins.
VLOK has a pronounced immunomodulatory effect, manifested in an increase in the total number of T-lymphocytes, T-helpers and T suppressors in the blood of patients, normalization of the immunoregulatory index of helper / T suppressors, enhancement of biosynthetic and bioenergetic processes: an increase in the activity of direct and reverse malate dehydrogenase decarboxylating NADPH -dependent malate dehydrogenase, glycerol triphosphate dehydrogenase, decreased activity of anaerobic lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; normalization of cortisol, somatotropic hormone, C-peptide and insulin levels, a-and beta-lipoprotein levels, phospholipids, free cholesterol and serum triglycerides,
VLOK can be used to increase the effectiveness of complex treatment of severe forms of pyoderma, acne.
Methodology
VLOK at a power density of 20 mW / cm 2, an exposure of 20-40 min, for a course of 5-7 procedures.
Against the backdrop of the use of laser reflexotherapy, along with clinical improvement of dermatosis, there is a tendency to normalize electrophysiological parameters, electrical resistance, temperature, galvanic reflex, and electrical potential of the skin. The procedure is most effective in patients with eczema, atopic dermatitis, and red lichen planus. Biologically active points in which there is a maximum increase in biopotential in the process of laser puncture, in patients with skin diseases are located on the auricle. When eczema is the points of the liver, heart and spleen, with atopic dermatitis - the points of the heart, spleen and lungs, with red flat lichen - points of the kidneys, pancreas, large intestine.
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