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The art of sculpting a face
Last reviewed: 20.11.2021
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The goal of all types of anti-aging facial surgery, from eyebrow lift to simple liposuction, is to refresh the appearance of the patient. The desire to look younger starts from the young features of people, immortalized by ancient Greek and Roman sculptors. For example, in analyzing the idealized sculptures of Venus and David, attention is drawn to the sharpness of the corners and the clear structure of the faces.
Surgeons for many years work with ptotic circular muscles of the eyes, hold down the dropping fatty pads of the cheeks and stretch the hypertrophied and sagging cords of the hypodermic neck muscles. All these measures are an attempt to give a natural sharpness to the corners of the face by moving to the place, additional fixation or removal of the lowered or excess soft tissues. Obesity of the face is a significant problem, which for many years hinders the achievement of ideal surgical results. In the early 70-ies of the last century in the work of Schrudde discussed the general provisions of "lipoekseresis." Effects on fat deposits for the first time began to be performed as an addition to facelift and were designed to improve the aesthetic results of rejuvenating operations.
General provisions for the removal of fat have developed in the works of Fischer and Fischer, Kesselring, who proposed to introduce fatty deposits over a large area through small incisions a tube connected to a suction device. Illouz describes the technique of lipolysis, in which he introduced a hypotonic solution of sodium chloride into the surgical site, and then used a blunt cannula for fat aspiration. Today, liposuction is used on the face as a primary procedure for reconstructing the shape and rejuvenation, as well as in combination with other local aesthetic procedures. In contrast to earlier methods, vacuum lipectomy has such important advantages as minimizing and hiding postoperative scars, reducing tissue trauma and reducing the duration of the recovery period. Some authors believe that liposuction was a revolution in aesthetic surgery. The latest advances in this field are the introduction of smaller cannulas, the use of hypotonic infiltration of adipose tissue, the use of ultrasound techniques and liposhever.