Dandruff and hair loss

A healthy appearance is always not only the result of self-care, but also an indicator of internal health, the condition and quality of work of all organs and systems in the body. It often happens that we carefully care for our hair and skin, but their condition still does not please. Why does this happen? What internal problems can cause dandruff and hair loss? How to fix the situation and improve health and appearance? We will try to answer these questions in detail.

Epidemiology

According to statistics, almost 75% of the population of our country have some problems with the scalp and hair, in particular, we are talking about dandruff and hair loss. We lose hairs every day, but pathological hair loss is said to occur if their number exceeds 100-120 per day. Both individual hairs and entire strands can fall out, which indicates a fairly serious pathology. It is time to sound the alarm if a large amount of hair remains on a comb, in the drain of a shower stall or bath, and also if the shoulders and clothes are covered with visible dandruff (white flakes) and individual hairs.

Men are more likely to have this problem than women. For example, 60% of men noticeably lose hair by the age of 30, and dandruff is found in every second representative of the stronger sex.

Causes dandruff and hair loss

The problem of hair loss and dandruff is not always caused by direct problems with the skin or hair follicles. Often, it signals general problems in the body. Therefore, it is important to first determine the cause, and only then think about how to restore a beautiful hairstyle. If you do not do this, but simply try to act with various external means, then you can get either a temporary improvement, or there will be no effect at all. [ 1 ], [ 2 ]

So, the reasons for hair loss and dandruff can be:

• endocrine system disorders, thyroid disease;
• metabolic disorders, diseases of the digestive organs;
• hormonal imbalance;
• infectious and inflammatory processes;
• tumor processes;
• autoimmune pathologies.

In addition, the health of the hair can be damaged by:

• regular lack of sleep;
• frequent or severe stress;
• excessive physical or mental stress;
• psycho-emotional disorders;
• illiterate skin and hair care.

Risk factors

In addition to the immediate causes, risk factors that to one degree or another influence the occurrence of the problem of alopecia and dandruff are also of no small importance:

• chemical hair perming procedures, frequent dyeing, highlighting or bleaching, regular blow-drying, using a curling iron or straightening iron;
• improper care, incorrectly selected detergents and cosmetics;
• frequent exposure to rain, cold, wind, sunlight, lack of headgear in frosty weather;
• prolonged deficiency of vitamins and minerals, monotonous diet, frequent strict diets or periods of fasting;
• strong hormonal changes in the body (puberty, pregnancy, menopause);
• physical damage to the hair area, exposure to radiation, major surgery, chemotherapy, long courses of antibiotics or hormonal drugs.

Pathogenesis

When the secretion of sebaceous glands increases, the scales of the epidermis are retained on the skin, accumulate, blocking the ducts. The supply of nutrients is blocked. A peculiar peeling layer is formed on the scalp, which prevents the full supply of oxygen to the tissues. As a result, the bulbs begin to deplete, and the hair shafts die.

Dry dandruff appears when the sebaceous glands are not functioning properly. The skin is not moisturized enough, hair begins to fall out, and dandruff becomes more and more. In some areas, "bald spots" may form, partial areas of baldness, which is accompanied by a feeling of discomfort and itching.

Trichologists explain the problem by fungal diseases, unbalanced diet, frequent stress loads, hormonal changes. However, the most common causes are improper care, bad habits, abuse of care and styling products. Hereditary predisposition is also possible. [ 3 ]

Symptoms dandruff and hair loss

Hair loss in certain quantities is a natural process, which cannot be said about dandruff. Every day a person loses up to a hundred hairs, and the volume of lost and new hairs is in a stable balance. Pathology is said when hair loss exceeds the norm and becomes obvious, and dandruff becomes visible to the naked eye: on the shoulders, on clothes.

The average lifespan of one hair is up to seven years. At first, it has a "downy" structure, after a while it begins to grow actively - on average, for 2-7 years. After this, the ketogen phase begins, during which the hair prepares to leave the scalp: within three or four months, it falls out. As a rule, if this happens ahead of time, the cause should be sought in the period 3-4 weeks before the problem appeared.

The first signs of the problem are usually found in the form of small, crumbling scales. The scalp becomes irritated, requires frequent washing, itches, and can suffer from both excessive dryness and increased oiliness. Hair becomes brittle and unhealthy in appearance. Dandruff can gradually transform from small to large. However, the symptoms are not always so obvious: in some people, the problem is practically asymptomatic, only multiple scales and hair loss on clothes and a comb are noticeable.

Hair loss and dandruff in women

Women have a different problem with dandruff and hair loss than men. Hair loss is slow and even across the entire scalp, and the process begins with the crown and frontal-parietal area. However, bald spots do not form in the frontal area.

In women, alopecia occurs through two mechanisms:

• the telogen type is characterized by the premature transition of the bulbs into a “dormant” state, which occurs against the background of chronic pathologies, infectious or endocrine diseases;
• the anagen type is a consequence of the influence of aggressive external factors, and the hair follicles die in such a situation – for example, under the influence of drugs, radiation, chemotherapy, etc.

The first type is considered the most susceptible to treatment: hair growth can be corrected even at home. The second type is treated only if the follicles are not completely destroyed.

A particularly common problem for women is deterioration of hair quality during pregnancy and lactation, as well as against the background of prolonged treatment with hormonal agents or oral contraceptives. In this case, if the body has hyperandrogenism, then male-pattern baldness can be observed.

A marked deterioration in the condition of the hair is observed within a month after childbirth, and in many young mothers – within several months. Negative changes are also recorded during menopause, against the background of decreased secretion of estrogen and increased testosterone levels.

Dandruff and hair loss in men

If dandruff in men is accompanied by severe hair loss, then in most cases we are talking about the following types of baldness:

• A hereditary feature, or androgenetic alopecia, caused by an increase in the amount of dihydrotestosterone in the body, which leads to a deterioration in quality and early death of the follicle. First of all, hair is lost in the frontal-parietal region, but first of all - on the first line of growth and in the crown area. The temples and the back of the head are usually not affected.
• Diffuse baldness occurs uniformly over the entire surface of the head. It can be caused by endocrine system failures, hormonal problems, dermatological and infectious-inflammatory processes.
• Focal alopecia is characterized by the appearance of individual "bald spots": the problem is usually related to injuries, infectious or autoimmune processes in the body. By the way, a clear factor for the appearance of the problem has not been established at present. Therefore, to determine the cause, most likely, it will be necessary to undergo a thorough diagnosis.

In most cases, the deterioration of hair condition in men is associated with a certain lifestyle, bad habits, poor nutrition, lack of proper self-care. Of course, these factors also need to be taken into account in order to find out the best way to get rid of the problem.

Oily dandruff and hair loss

Oily dandruff more often "visits" men - in particular, against the background of hormonal changes or as a result of endocrine disorders. It also appears in adolescence, when the body is actively developing and changing, puberty occurs.

With oily dandruff, there are few scales on the head. Unlike the dry type, they are yellowish and relatively large. In addition to the direct differences in dandruff itself, you can also pay attention to the condition of the hair, which is subject not only to loss, but also to rapid contamination. Even if you wash your hair in the morning, by the evening the hairstyle becomes “heavy”, shiny, wet in appearance. The roots stick together and become greasy.

In general, people with oily dandruff often suffer from increased sweating, acne, and other skin diseases.

Dry dandruff and hair loss

Dry dandruff is more often found in men, but this does not mean that women do not have it. In appearance, such dandruff is small, light, and difficult not to notice on clothes. The flakes are easily combed out with an ordinary comb: for example, if you tilt your head down and comb it a little, or even just “fluff” your hair with your palm, you can find a lot of light falling “snowflakes”.

With dry dandruff, the skin often peels. You have to wash your head almost every day: if you don’t, itching appears, which intensifies with each day of “expiration”.

After washing, a person feels relief, but the hair still does not look very healthy: it falls out, is weak and brittle. If you additionally load it with chemical influences - do a perm, dye, etc. - then its condition quickly worsens: the hairs become dull and lifeless.

Dandruff, itching and hair loss

Dandruff, hair loss and other unpleasant sensations are not always caused by a malfunction of the sebaceous glands. If the problems are deep inside the body, the problem may be accompanied by much more serious symptoms, such as:

• sleep disturbances, appetite disturbances, changes in body weight, irritability, apathy, depression (if the cause is hormonal or endocrine disorders);
• the appearance of dark circles under the eyes, general weakness, dizziness, decreased performance, deterioration of the skin and nails, the appearance of convulsions (if the cause lies in a deficiency of vitamins and microelements);
• pain in joints, muscles, increased fatigue, drowsiness (with mineral metabolism disorders);
• prolonged constipation, diarrhea, increased gas formation, heartburn, abdominal pain (if the cause is gastrointestinal diseases).

When you cannot independently determine the cause of such a nuisance as dandruff and hair loss, you need to visit a doctor and consult with him: a trichologist, therapist and dermatologist can help. The main thing is not to neglect the problem and start treatment in time.

Complications and consequences

The main and most unfavorable consequence of dandruff and hair loss is, in fact, their loss. True, for this to happen, the process must be strongly initiated. Some people, and this is especially true for men, do not pay due attention to the aesthetics of their appearance - at least until they begin to cause discomfort or attract too much attention.

In addition, the psychological factor also plays a role: a person begins to be bothered by debilitating itching, insomnia appears, the nervous system suffers, and work capacity is impaired.

To avoid complications, you need to be attentive to your health and appearance, notice any negative changes. The main signs, such as itching without a reason, redness of the skin, excessive dryness or, conversely, oiliness of the hair - should be a reason to contact a specialist.

Diagnostics dandruff and hair loss

In order to find the cause of dandruff and hair loss, the patient is first given an external examination, then a survey, including collecting information about nutrition, lifestyle, existing diseases, etc. If obvious causes cannot be found, then additional studies are prescribed:

• laboratory tests (blood test, hormonal background assessment);
• spectral analysis of hair for trace element content (helps to identify deficiencies of essential and additional trace elements, as well as detect the presence of toxic substances).

If there is a suspicion of internal organ disease, an ultrasound scan is prescribed.

Differential diagnostics are carried out with focal alopecia, seborrheic dermatitis, mineral metabolism disorders, rickets, thyroid diseases, etc.

Treatment dandruff and hair loss

To restore the health of your skin and hair, you need to find out the cause of the problem and deal with it correctly. This can be done in several ways:

• use medication (for example, take antifungal drugs);
• replace detergents and other care cosmetics with professional ones, specially designed to eliminate the problem;
• use folk remedies that can be really effective at the early stage of dandruff and hair loss.

Regardless of the chosen treatment tactics, you need to pay attention to nutrition:

• include in your diet foods rich in vitamins and microelements;
• improve digestive processes;
• stabilize metabolism.

Any medications are prescribed by a doctor. And the use of traditional medicine recipes should also be agreed upon with the attending physician, taking into account the underlying cause of the problem.

Anti-dandruff and anti-hair loss products

Strong and well-groomed hair is an attribute of any neat and self-respecting person. Therefore, cosmetics manufacturers make sure that pharmacies and cosmetic stores have a full range of products for dandruff and hair loss. Such products contain various useful components that should have the following medicinal properties:

• strengthen both the hair itself and the hair follicle;
• create favorable conditions for growth;
• ensure the supply of nutrients;
• neutralize negative factors affecting the skin and hair;
• restore the structure of hair and skin;
• stabilize the functioning of the sebaceous glands.

There are many remedies, both pharmaceutical and professional, as well as home remedies, that cure and prevent further occurrence of dandruff and hair loss. We will tell you about some of them below.

Medicines

Most often, at the first signs of dandruff and hair loss, doctors recommend starting to take multivitamin preparations. There are many such products - both domestic and foreign manufacturers. When choosing multivitamins, you need to pay attention not so much to their cost, but to the quantitative and qualitative composition. Good advice on choosing a product can be given by your doctor or pharmacist.

• The complex vitamin preparation Alphabet will help get rid of dandruff, itching, stop hair loss and thinning. Alphabet contains the main necessary vitamins and microelements that combine well with each other and are perfectly absorbed by the body.
• Revalid is a drug rich in vitamins and amino acids that strengthen and accelerate hair growth. Revalid has virtually no side effects and is in an affordable price category. It is taken for a long time - on average, about three months.
• Perfectil is a vitamin product for maintaining the normal condition of the skin, particularly on the head. After just one month of use, skin color noticeably improves, dandruff disappears, and hair loss stops. The product is recommended for people with excessively dry skin, as well as psoriasis, alopecia, and dermatitis.
• Nutricap is a complex remedy for preventing hair loss, nourishing and accelerating hair growth. It is best to take it for six months: this will allow you to get a good effect and consolidate it for a long time.

Side effects during treatment with vitamins are often allergic reactions. If there is an allergy to any vitamin substance, then you need to carefully study the composition and consult with a doctor about the choice of drug. When the first signs of allergy appear, stop taking the medication and consult your doctor.

Among foreign medicines that simultaneously eliminate dandruff and hair loss, the most popular is the Merz Beauty complex, the composition of which is represented by cysteine, methionine and zinc. Merz Beauty has high restorative and protective properties, the ability to improve hair structure. The drug is taken one pill in the morning and evening, for a month. Possible side effects include headaches, hypersensitivity reactions, changes in blood pressure.

Pantovigar is a restorative medicine that combines a rich amino acid composition, cysteine and keratin. A month of taking Pantovigar significantly improves the skin condition, stops even severe hair loss. The drug is taken three times a day, one capsule. Possible side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, allergic reactions.

Biotin is a medicine that restores the skin and hair after long-term treatment with hormonal and antibacterial agents. Biotin is prescribed for dermatitis, dandruff, alopecia, and early graying. It is enough to take one tablet a day for a month. Possible side effects of the drug: chest pain, skin rash. Biotin overdose is excluded.

Fitoval is a combined systemic drug prescribed for different types of alopecia. Fitoval prevents hair loss, improves hair quality, eliminates itching and dandruff. It is taken 1-2 capsules per day, without chewing, with water. In case of severe hair loss and dandruff, it is allowed to take 3 capsules per day. Side effects are rare and short-lived, consist of heartburn, indigestion, diarrhea.

Brewer's yeast is considered a universal remedy for eliminating problems with the skin and hair. Yeast, which is sold in pharmacies, is most often combined with various microelements, such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, etc. Other universal preparations are Evisent, Aurita, Vita-Charm, etc.

Vitamins

• Vitamin A improves growth, provides elasticity and a shiny appearance of hair, prevents hair loss, accelerates the cleansing of the skin from keratinized scales - dandruff. Pharmacies always have a wide selection of drugs that contain vitamin A. These are Aevit, Revit, Undevit and many others. In order to get it from food, it is enough to include in the diet such products as egg yolks, dairy products (especially fatty ones), liver.
• Vitamin B ₂ eliminates brittleness, regulates the root sebum balance and dryness of the skin. A large amount of this vitamin is present in dairy products, hard wheat, meat and liver.
• Vitamin B ₃ prevents premature aging and various hair diseases, including dandruff. This important component can be obtained by regularly eating fish, liver, brewer's yeast and whole grain bread.
• Vitamin B ₆ determines the condition of the scalp, eliminates dandruff. And it is contained in meat food and eggs, in dry yeast, soy, nuts and cabbage.
• Folic acid, present in vegetables, hard cheese, cottage cheese, has a direct and positive effect on hair growth and prevents hair loss.
• Vitamin E acts on the hair follicle, saturating and strengthening it. And in combination with vitamin A, it cleanses the skin, gives elasticity, and prevents dandruff. Vitamin E is present in sufficient quantities in vegetable oils, tomatoes, greens, and green peas.

Physiotherapy treatment

There are many known physiotherapeutic methods for restoring hair and improving skin condition. Which one to choose and whether it is necessary - the doctor will tell you.

• Iontophoresis is a procedure based on the action of a constant galvanic current, when the necessary medications are introduced deep into the skin layers. As a result of such an impact, subcutaneous blood circulation improves, cell renewal and metabolism are accelerated, the skin receives more nutrients, and the roots are strengthened.
• Electrical stimulation is the use of pulsed currents to restore and renew tissues. The procedure has a positive effect on vascular walls, stimulates capillary blood circulation, and normalizes hormonal balance. Electrical stimulation can be used for both therapeutic and preventive purposes.
• Microcurrent treatment – involves the use of modulated pulsed ultra-low electric current, which is transmitted to the skin via electrodes. Thanks to the procedure, metabolism improves, metabolic processes are activated, skin and hair follicles are restored.
• Cryotherapy is the effect of liquid nitrogen on the skin using a special applicator system, which activates blood circulation and acts as a specific massager and stimulator. To eliminate dandruff and hair loss, 2-3 courses of treatment may be required.
• Vacuum therapy is a massage using cups that improves blood flow and air exchange, removes toxic substances, and eliminates stagnation of lymphatic fluid.
• Darsonvalization is the use of small currents of high voltage, accelerating the outflow of lymph, expanding blood vessels, and normalizing the function of the sebaceous glands. Discharge effects promote oxygen saturation of the skin.
• Laser treatments are procedures that use low-intensity laser beams to strengthen hair follicles. A course of therapy consists of a series of regular sessions lasting about 25 minutes each.

Folk remedies

For hundreds of years, folk recipes passed down from generation to generation in families have been used to treat hair problems. Our grandmothers prepared effective and safe preparations from familiar products:

• Vinegar remedy: dilute apple cider vinegar in water (2 tbsp. per 1 l), rinse your hair after each wash.
• A remedy with onion peels: pour water over the peels and boil over low heat for an hour, cool and rub into the scalp.
• Honey remedy: mix 2 tablespoons of honey with 4 tablespoons of lemon juice (if you have oily dandruff) or castor oil (if you have dry dandruff). Mix, add 1 tablespoon of sour cream, apply the mixture to your head, wrap it in a scarf and leave it for 2 hours. Then wash it off with warm water and soap. Repeat the procedure once a week.

Recipes for dandruff and hair loss

Treatment of dandruff and hair loss should begin with eliminating factors that negatively affect the skin and hair: to put it simply, you need to remove what has a negative effect on the hair and skin.

• Too frequent drying, coloring, styling, and curling procedures have a negative effect on the structure of the hair, which becomes unattractive and weakened.
• Frequent dyeing directly leads to skin irritation and dandruff.
• Hormonal imbalances or sudden changes typical of pregnancy, lactation or menopause, severe stress, cause a lot of problems with the scalp.
• Deficiency of vitamins and minerals leads to weakened immunity, deterioration of the appearance of skin, hair and nails. This problem begins to bother mainly in winter.

It is important to keep in mind that dandruff and hair loss can always be prevented if you try to eliminate the above factors - for example, do not do beauty treatments too often, avoid stress, monitor the health of the whole body, regularly visit doctors, eat a complete and balanced diet, and, if necessary, take additional multivitamin preparations.

Home Remedies for Dandruff and Hair Loss

• If the hair is dry, then when dandruff appears and to strengthen the curls, it is necessary to moisturize it. Oils, herbal decoctions, etc. are used as a moisturizer. For example, the following products have a good effect:
  • the juice of half a lemon is beaten with an egg yolk and 1 tbsp. of vegetable oil, the mixture is distributed over the roots, wrapped in a scarf, and after an hour washed off with warm water and detergent;
  • warm burdock oil is applied to the scalp, wrapped in a scarf, and after an hour washed off with warm water and shampoo;
  • Mix 1 tbsp each of honey, olive oil and aloe juice, add a raw egg yolk, apply the mixture to the hair and leave for 20 minutes under a cap, rinse with warm water and shampoo.

The result of using such preparations does not become noticeable immediately. It may take at least a month for hair to fully recover.

• If the hair is oily, the composition of the products should include antiseptic and disinfectant components. Recipes with fresh berries, fruits, as well as with irritating and disinfectant components (garlic, horseradish, onion, etc.) have a good effect. Onion juice in equal dilution with vodka has good qualities. The solution is applied to the scalp, and after half an hour it is washed with water and detergent. After each wash, a natural rinse prepared on the basis of medicinal plants should be used.

Masks for dandruff and hair loss

Masks made shortly before washing hair have excellent results. For example, many patients speak well of products based on oak bark and onion peel. To prepare such a mask, take 200 g of each ingredient and mix, pour 1 liter of boiling water and keep on low heat for an hour. Cool and filter the mixture, use for rubbing into the skin. After rubbing, wrap the head in cellophane, fix a woolen scarf or towel on top. Wash off the mask after about two hours, wash the hair with warm water and shampoo.

A mixture of vegetable oil and lemon juice is excellent for dandruff. Mix 2 tablespoons of oil with the juice of ¼ lemon, apply to the scalp, wrap in a scarf and leave for at least an hour. Then wash off the mask with warm water and a quality detergent.

Shampoos for dandruff and hair loss

A regular care product that you should pay special attention to when it comes to dandruff and hair loss is shampoo. It is shampoo that we use most often, so its effect on the scalp is especially important.

The product we regularly wash our hair with should be hypoallergenic. And its composition should contain ingredients that improve the condition and provide nutrition to tissues and hair follicles.

Strengthening and restorative shampoo Teana Golden Diadem meets all the specified requirements. If you use it regularly, it will “revive” and heal your curls and skin in a short period of time.

The cosmetic company Biobeauty presents a whole line of products that help get rid of dandruff and stop hair loss. For example, we are talking about the popular preparations Fitonika or Famshampun.

For dry dandruff, Attirance Lavender shampoo can be an excellent remedy, and for oily dandruff, a product from the same brand, Attirance Lemon and Olives, can be an excellent remedy.

Another effective and well-known product for restoring hair health is Sulsena - it is both a shampoo and a drug that can cure bacterial, fungal diseases, and disorders of the sebaceous glands. Sulsena in the form of shampoo or paste normalizes the process of epidermal cell renewal, creates unfavorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, slows down excessive exfoliation, and improves the functioning of the sebaceous secretion system.

Of the pharmacy shampoos against dandruff and hair loss, Nizoral is the most famous. It is used if the problem is caused by a fungal infection: Nizoral destroys the infection, blocks cell growth, improves hair structure (the product contains a strengthening component, collagen hydrolysate). Treatment with Nizoral is usually long-term - up to six months or more, provided it is used 2-3 times a week.

Essential oils for dandruff and hair loss

Essential oils are often used to treat the skin and hair on the head, and this can be done in several ways:

• adding oils to cosmetics (masks, shampoos, balms, etc.);
• preparation of special oil products;
• combing hair with the addition of oils.

For the first method, it is enough to add 3-5 drops of a suitable oil to cosmetics and detergents. There is no need for more: essential oil is usually concentrated and saturated.

The second method involves preparing a mask: take one teaspoon of the base (any suitable vegetable oil - olive, peach, coconut, almond, etc.) and add 3-5 drops of the essential component to it. The mask is used weekly, but not more than 2-3 times a week, before washing your hair (approximately 1-2 hours).

The third method: put a few drops of your favorite oil on the comb and comb your hair well. The procedure can be repeated daily.

Here are the essential oil components that are most suitable:

• for severe hair loss, use tea tree and rose tree oils, rosemary, ylang-ylang and petitgrain, verbena, cedar and pine, cypress, frankincense, coriander, mint or calamus;
• lemon balm, lavender, basil, chamomile, citrus, rosemary or geranium help with dry dandruff;
• For oily dandruff, use grapefruit, tea tree, eucalyptus, and rosemary oils.

The following oils are considered to have universal action:

• tea tree;
• rosemary;
• ylang-ylang.

Salt for dandruff and hair loss

Since there are many home hair care products, everyone is free to choose the most suitable option for themselves. Among not only effective, but also affordable remedies for dandruff and hair loss, I would like to highlight salt preparations. Few people know how useful for external use can be ordinary salt, which is available in any grocery store. Salt is a natural exfoliant and absorbent. And the following types are suitable for hair care:

• rock salt, coarse and medium;
• boiling;
• sea salt;
• self-precipitating (obtained from the bottom surface of salt lakes).

Salt masks and massages activate blood circulation, awaken "sleeping" hair follicles, cleanse the skin of dead scales, and facilitate tissue respiration. In addition, salt normalizes the sebaceous glands and eliminates pathogenic flora.

The simplest and most effective way to use salt is to apply it and rub it into clean, wet hair and the root zone with massage movements. Continue the massage for 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water without detergent. Repeat the procedure once a week, no more often.

You can also make salt masks, adding to them, in addition to salt, a few drops of essential oil, raw egg yolk, honey or lemon juice. Apply the mask to the hair along the entire length, cover the head with polyethylene and a towel, and leave for a quarter of an hour. Then wash off with shampoo and warm water. Repeat the procedure once every 7-10 days.

Herbal treatment

The function of the sebaceous glands is normalized thanks to a mixture of crushed nettle leaves with 6% vinegar and water (proportions 100 g: 500 ml: 500 ml). The mass is boiled over low heat for half an hour. For ten days in a row, the resulting decoction is used instead of shampoo.

An excellent and proven remedy against dandruff is chamomile flowers. Wash clean hair with an infusion of flowers after each wash. This decoction is especially recommended for owners of light hair, as it gives them a pleasant golden hue. To prepare the infusion, steam 2 tbsp. chamomile flowers in 1 liter of water, cool and filter. Continue treatment for at least 2-3 weeks.

Birch leaves or linden blossom are often used as hair masks:

• finely chopped birch leaves in the amount of 1 tbsp. are poured with 300 ml of boiling water, kept under a lid for two hours, filtered and used before and after washing hair (before washing - as a mask, and after washing - as a rinse);
• 2.5 tbsp of linden blossom is poured with 500 ml of boiling water, kept for half an hour in a thermos, filtered and cooled, used as a mask or rinse.

Homeopathy

If you trust homeopathic treatment, it would be ideal to contact a qualified homeopathic specialist who will be able to select the most optimal drug in a particular case. Most often, homeopaths choose the following drugs:

• Lycopodium is a clubmoss plant that easily copes with hair loss and dandruff if they are associated with hormonal changes in the body. In addition, Lycopodium successfully fights premature graying of hair.
• Hydrofluoric acid in low concentrations eliminates brittleness, hair loss, and improves hair structure.
• Phosphoric acid regulates the growth and quality of hair damaged by nervous stress.
• Phosphorus in combination with sulfur cleanses the skin from dandruff and strengthens hair.
• Potash – regulates the sebaceous glands, stabilizes the oiliness of the skin and hair.
• Selenium is used for severe hair loss and deterioration of the skin condition not only on the head, but also on other parts of the body.
• Sodium muriaticum – cures dandruff, seborrhea, improves the functioning of the sebaceous and sweat glands.

The indicated drugs can be used in isolation or as part of complex homeopathic remedies such as Alopeton, Reabiliton, Selencin, Keranorm, Thallium Plus.

If the homeopathic medicine is chosen correctly, it will not cause any side effects. Doses are prescribed individually, taking into account the characteristics of a particular patient.

Surgical treatment

A surgeon can help restore hair lost due to genetic baldness. This radical surgery is called hair microtransplantation and is prescribed only for severe alopecia, when it is not possible to restore the locks by other methods. Hair follicles are transplanted from another area - for example, from the occipital region to the crown of the head. In about a few months (up to six months), the patient grows new healthy hair. The stitches on the "donor" area are almost invisible.

The operation is quite expensive, but some patients still decide to take this step, which allows them to restore the beauty of their hair. Before the intervention, a mandatory examination is carried out, since the procedure has a number of contraindications:

• severe systemic pathologies;
• rheumatoid polyarthritis;
• diabetes mellitus;
• psoriasis;
• fungal infections;
• pyoderma.

Surgical hair transplantation is an extreme measure, which is resorted to only in special cases when there is no other way to restore former beauty.

Prevention

Dandruff and hair loss can be prevented by following a few simple tips to keep your locks healthy and beautiful.

• Avoid any damage to the scalp: choose a comfortable comb without sharp teeth, do not do such procedures as dyeing, curling, etc. too often. If possible, do not use a hair dryer for drying.
• Make sure your body gets enough vitamins regularly. In winter or spring, as well as during pregnancy or prolonged illnesses, take multivitamin complex preparations.
• When washing your hair, use warm water, but not hot or cold, as this affects the function of the sebaceous glands.
• Choose detergents based on your hair and skin type. Don't settle for too budget-friendly options: as a rule, their composition is not natural and can damage your hair and appearance.
• Avoid exposing the scalp to extreme cold and direct ultraviolet light. Sudden temperature changes negatively affect the viability of hair follicles.
• Do not use other people's hats or combs.
• Eat right, don't overindulge in fatty and spicy foods, and control your consumption of sweets.
• Give up bad habits, walk more, rest and take care of your nervous system.

Forecast

It is unlikely that you will be able to get rid of the problem if you do not adhere to a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition. The daily diet should consist of products that saturate the body with all the necessary useful components: vitamins, microelements. You need to limit yourself in fatty and spicy food, eat less sweets, pastries. Doctors advise taking additional vitamin and mineral complexes.

If you do everything correctly, periodically consulting with a doctor - a trichologist, a therapist - then you can bring your hair into proper condition and return an attractive appearance in a short period of time. Dandruff and hair loss will cease to be a problem if you do not delay a visit to a specialist. A competent comprehensive approach allows you to get rid of unpleasant symptoms in just a few weeks.