The use of ultrasound (sonography) in rheumatology is a relatively new and promising direction. In the last decade, ultrasound (ultrasound) has been widely used as a visualization technique for examining patients with rheumatic joint diseases, as well as monitoring treatment.
Radioisotope scintigraphy of joints is carried out with the help of osteotropic radiopharmaceuticals (pyrophosphate, phosphon, labeled 99тТс). These drugs actively accumulate in places of active bone and collagen metabolism.
Significant progress in understanding the pathophysiology and evolution of osteoarthritis led not only to improved diagnosis of the disease, but also to a reassessment of the methodology and metrology of conducting clinical studies in osteoarthrosis. Clinical diagnosis of osteoarthritis is difficult.
The provision of effective therapy for osteoarthritis and disease recurrence depends largely on the use of standardized approaches to its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive noninflammatory disease of synovial joints of various etiologies, characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, structural changes in the subchondral bone, and an explicit or hidden synovitis.
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, united in the XIII class of the ICD, are considered throughout the world as one of the most common pathologies of modern society. Among them, osteoarthritis is the most common pathology of synovial joints.
In vitro studies also provide an opportunity to study the behavior of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis. Cartilage is a highly specialized tissue containing only one type of cells (chondrocytes), characterized by the absence of blood and lymphatic vessels.
It should be remembered that osteoarthritis is a disease of not one tissue - articular cartilage, but all tissues of the affected joint, including the subchondral bone, the synovial membrane, menisci, ligaments, periarticular muscles and afferent nerves, the end of which lie both outside and inside the joint capsule.
Coxarthrosis - osteoarthritis of the hip joint. Most often, osteoarthritis affects the upper pole of the hip joint with upper lateral displacement of the femoral head (about 60% of patients with coxarthrosis, men suffer more often than women).
Osteoarthrosis of the apophysial joints of the spine (spondylarthrosis, osteoarthritis of the spine) and degeneration of the intervertebral discs (osteochondrosis) are various diseases.