Modern vaccines have a minimum of contraindications, they are released as much as possible from ballast substances, preservatives and allergens, so that they can be used in the vast majority of children and adults without any preliminary research or analysis. To all vaccines there are two interrelated contraindications - allergic reactions to vaccine components and a strong reaction or complication to the previous dose of this vaccine.
Vaccination against cervical cancer is a vaccine that prevents infection with a dangerous human papillomavirus. In our time, medicine is aware of a large number of types of HPV (about 100), causing the development of various diseases.
The introduction of special drugs - vaccines - may be the only way to stop the pandemic spread of COVID-19. There is a lot of talk about this topic, but for a simple layman, nevertheless, there are a lot of questions, which we will try to answer.
Rabies remains a major health problem. In the world, about 50,000 people die from it every year, about 10 million people receive post-exposure prophylaxis. In Russia in 2004 there were 17 cases of rabies (including 6 children), in 2005 - 14 (4 children), in 2007 - 8 (there were no children); The vaccine against rabies is introduced 200-300 thousand persons per year.
Vaccination against hepatitis B on the first day of life by 2005 was introduced in 80% of countries, including with low endemicity of HBV infection (USA, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Portugal).
Ku-fever is a zoonosis, widespread, mainly in cattle-breeding regions. Called Coxiella burnetii, belonging to the γ-subgroup of Proteobacteria. Infection of a person occurs when contact with animals, the use of milk. Vaccination against ku-fever is carried out for persons at risk from the age of 14 to 60 years.
The presence of contraindications, especially relative, as well as other abnormalities in the state of health, does not mean a complete withdrawal from vaccinations - it is about selecting a vaccine, the time of vaccination, the drug "cover". Pediatricians often use the terms "vaccination at risk", "sparing vaccination", which creates the illusion of the dangers of vaccines for such children.
Progressive neurological pathology - decompensated hydrocephalus, neuromuscular dystrophies, degenerative diseases and CNS lesions with congenital metabolic defects - are contraindications to the use of DTP because of the risk of seizures, but can be considered in terms of vaccination with Infanrix or ADS vaccine when the process is stabilized.
For all people who have immunodeficiency, only live vaccines that can cause disease are dangerous. The diagnosis of immunodeficiency is clinical, although requiring laboratory confirmation.
Vaccination of children with proven HIV infection should take into account their clinical and immunological categories according to the table: N1, N2, N3, A1, A2, AZ ... C1, C2, N3; at not confirmed HIV-status of the child use the letter E before classification (for example, EA2 or EB1, etc.).