Kyphosis - curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane by convexity posteriorly. Distinguish between the upper thoracic, lower thoracic, lumbar and total kyphosis.
Lordosis - curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane by convexity forward. The physiological lordosis of the cervical and lumbar spine is the result of the formation of the orthostatic position of the person.
Ankylosing spondylitis is more commonly known as Bekhterev's disease, although its fuller name is Striumpell-Bechterew-Marie's disease. This disease with autoimmune pathogenesis, has a chronic progressive course and can last for years and decades.
Cervical radiculopathy is a combination of symptoms, including neurogenic pain in the neck and upper limb, caused by the cervical nerve roots. In addition to pain, numbness, weakness, and decreased reflexes can occur.
Osteoarthrosis (syn: degenerative joint disease, osteoarthrosis, hypertrophic osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis) is directly related to pain in the neck and back.
Unfortunately, the term "osteochondrosis" has become firmly established in the practice of Russian doctors, which has become a convenient diagnostic cliche for back pain. It should be recognized that this term was probably justified at a time when neurologists invaded the field of orthopedics (diseases of muscles and joints), creating a doctrine called manual medicine.
Lumbar radiculopathy is manifested by a combination of symptoms, including neuropathic pain in the back and lower limb, generated in the lumbar spinal roots.
Sciatica is pain that spreads along the sciatic nerve. Sciatica is usually caused by compression of the nerve roots of the lumbar spine. The most common causes are disc pathology, osteophytes, narrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis of the spinal canal).
Ankylosing spondylitis is a systemic disease characterized by inflammation of the axial skeleton and large peripheral joints, nocturnal back pain, stiffness of the back, increased kyphosis, constitutional symptoms and anterior uveitis.
Spondylolisthesis is a subluxation of the lumbar vertebrae, which usually occurs in adolescents. It often occurs when there is a congenital intraarticular defect (spondylolysis).