Displacement of vertebrae or spondylolisthesis is a disease of the spine, more often acquired than congenital and characterized by displacement of the vertebra in relation to the underlying.
Syndromes of radicular disorders are represented by segmentary radicular symptoms (pain or paresthesia in the dermatome zone, muscular weakness in the innervation zone of the rootlet).
Herniated disc is the prolapse of the central substance of the disc through the surrounding ring. Pain occurs when the protrusion of the disc causes trauma and inflammation of adjacent tissues (for example, posterior longitudinal ligament).
The syndrome of fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and increased soreness in a multitude of sites called "sensitive points".
Neurogenic arthropathy is a rapidly progressive destructive arthropathy, combined with a reduction in the perception of pain and positional sensitivity, which can be the result of various diseases, the most frequent of which are diabetes and stroke.
Cervical-lingual syndrome is a rare condition characterized by pain in the neck with numbness of the ipsilateral half of the tongue, which is strengthened when moving in the upper cervical spine.
Pterygoid scapula syndrome is a rare cause of musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder and posterior thoracic wall. The pterygoid paralysis caused by the pterygoid scapular syndrome begins as a painless weakness in the muscle with the pathognomonic shape of the scapula developing at the same time.
Vertebral stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal, which causes compression of the spinal roots (sometimes the spinal cord) before their exit from the intervertebral foramen, positionally dependent back pain and compression symptoms of the nerve roots.
Arachnoiditis is a thickening, scarring and inflammation of the arachnoid membrane. These changes may be local or lead to compression of the nerve roots and spinal cord.
Cervical facet syndrome is a combination of symptoms, including pain in the neck, head, shoulder and in the proximal part of the upper limb, irradiating in a non-dermatomic type. Pain is weak, blunt. It may be unilateral, bilateral, it is believed that the pain is a consequence of the pathology of the facet joint.