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What do I need to know about oral diseases?
Last reviewed: 01.07.2025

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Gerepes
Small blisters that appear on the nose or lips are a problem for many. Fever is very unpleasant and is transmitted through close contact or the use of other people's items, such as dishes or lipstick. Its appearance may not be associated with colds.
Stomatitis
It indicates a weakening of the body's defenses and most often appears in older people and children. Stomatitis can be caused by taking certain antibiotics, diabetes, or be of bacterial origin.
Dark coating on the tongue
The appearance of a dark coating on the tongue may be due to poor oral hygiene, smoking, taking antibiotics, or drinking coffee or tea in large quantities. To remove the coating, clean the surface of the tongue with a specially designed toothbrush.
Mouth ulcers
Even minor mouth ulcers can be uncomfortable and painful, and can also lead to infection.
Leukoplakia
The appearance of white spots on the mucous membrane of the cheeks or lower lip can be caused by smoking and drinking alcohol. It can also indicate gastrointestinal diseases or be a precancerous disease. In any case, you should immediately consult a specialist.
Lichen planus
Shiny red formations may appear on the inside of the cheeks – lichen planus, the causes of which are still not fully known. If lichen does not cause severe discomfort, then it usually does not require treatment. However, there is a danger that if lichen is chronic, it can increase the risk of developing oral cancer.
Oral cancer
Additional risk factors may include oral cancer in close relatives and smoking. There is also a suggestion that cancer may be associated with the circulation of the human papilloma virus in the body.
Damage to tooth enamel
If you have a habit of cracking nuts with your teeth and uncorking bottles in this way, cracks and chips will not take long to appear. Gradually, this can lead to tooth decay and caries.
Gingivitis
Gums hurt, bleed and swell. The best prevention of this disease is proper oral hygiene. Superficial care and smoking will only aggravate the problem and provoke its development.
Periodontitis
If gingivitis is left untreated and neglected, it can lead to a more serious disease – periodontitis. This disease is characterized by the exposure of the tooth neck, the formation of pockets between the teeth and bleeding gums. This can lead to problems with the jaw bones and infectious diseases.