A list of infectious diseases is made, which is the easiest to get infected
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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While in nature there are pathogens - we will be sick, supporting the existence of infection. This is a kind of vicious circle. Among all microorganisms that can cause disease, there are those that are characterized by a particularly high contagiousness. This is the ability of pathogens to infect humans, causing disease.
The greatest concern is influenza, tuberculosis and measles. But beware of other infectious diseases.
1. Hepatitis A
As you know, the causative agent of the disease is a virus, the target of which is the liver. To penetrate into the organism of the disease non-observance of sanitary and hygienic norms helps. The virus is transmitted with poorly washed hands, vegetables, fruits, as well as drinking unrefined water. The disease manifests itself in the form of a number of symptoms: fatigue, fever, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and jaundice.
Europeans, Americans and residents of other so-called "highly developed" countries practice vaccination against hepatitis A. Artificial immunity is valid for 15 years. As for the rest, they should remember the basic rules of hygiene, so as not to get sick.
2. Malaria
This disease, known since ancient times, takes more than one million lives annually. The causative agent is borne by the Anopheles genus. Through his bite, the malarious plasmodium enters the human blood and attacks the red blood cells, destroying them. Characteristic manifestations of malaria are fever, chills, nausea, anemia and convulsions. Without treatment, life forecasts are very disappointing.
It is easiest to catch malaria in tropical and subtropical latitudes, and in general, wherever conditions exist for the propagation of the vector of the malarial mosquito. Today, the main problem of treatment was the resistance of the pathogen to antimalarial drugs.
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3. Measles
Many get acquainted with this ailment in childhood. And all because of the very high contagiousness of the measles virus.
The causative agent, as is known, is transmitted by airborne droplets with an efficiency of 90%. That is, 90% of those who come in contact with a sick measles and do not have a vaccination against the pathogen will get sick. There is a malaise in the form of fever, catarrhal airway symptoms (runny nose, cough), through conjunctivitis and a characteristic rash for the skin on the skin and mucous membranes. Dangerous complications of measles - pneumonia and encephalitis.
If you decide to get natural immunity, visit the kindergarten - there is the highest probability to catch this disease. Actually, to survive measles better in childhood - adults are hard to tolerate the disease. It is good only that the immune memory remains for life.
4. Tuberculosis
Every second someone encounters a pathogen of tuberculosis; in the world in general, one third of infected people. Meeting with an infection does not necessarily lead to an overgrowth in the disease. By the way, the transmission path can be both airborne and alimentary (with food).
Symptoms of the most common form of tuberculosis - tuberculosis of the lungs - in the initial stages may be fatigue, weight loss, fever, loss of appetite, cough.
The problem of tuberculosis is most acute in developing countries. In Ukraine, since 1995, the epidemic of this disease has been declared. Control over the incidence of tuberculosis can be achieved through the vaccination of BCG.
5. Flu
Who does not know this insidious virus? Not so long ago, in the last century millions of people died from the "Spanish" (according to some estimates, about 40 million between 1918 and 1920). This was the largest pandemic in history.
The influenza virus belongs to the RNA viruses, it easily mutates, and this causes the emergence of its new strains. Therefore, we are ill with the flu more than once during life, as we are infected each time with a different strain of influenza.
The path of transmission of the virus is airborne. Preventing the disease is easier if you refrain from contact with patients and do not go to busy places during seasonal outbreaks of infection.