Doctors named the most dangerous summer diseases

Summer is a wonderful time for recovery and recreation. During this period, the number of vacations and movement of the population to places of rest: at sea, in the forest, in other regions and countries of the world. In many places of rest, the number of people per unit of area increases, accordingly, the risk of spreading diseases increases.

Hot weather contributes to an increase in the number of intestinal infections, such as cholera, enterovirus and rotavirus infections, hepatitis, dysentery, salmonellosis and others. Not always conditions of storage and transportation of food products correspond to hygienic norms, therefore the growth of acute intestinal infections and poisonings increases in a hot period of time. The danger of poisoning and intestinal infections is a sharp deterioration in the well-being of children, the appearance of vomiting and frequent fluid stool, fever and intoxication. Not timely begun treatment can lead to dehydration of the body, the appearance of serious complications. At the first symptoms of poisoning, you urgently need to seek medical help from specialized medical institutions. Isolation of patients is necessary in order to prevent the spread of infection among the population. Preventive measures include maintaining personal hygiene, washing hands before meals and after visiting toilets, observing the rules of storage and heat treatment of products, avoiding contact with sick people. It is necessary to exclude the use of wild plants and mushrooms of unknown origin in food, perishable products from natural markets, raw unboiled water, and avoid the ingress of sea water into the oral cavity.

In the hot period is also characterized by an increase in the number of overheating and sunburn. When you arrive in another climatic zone for rest, it is important to observe the terms of acclimatization of the organism to the new conditions of stay. Visiting beaches is necessary between 7 and 11 in the morning and after 16 hours in the evening. In the daytime, you need to stay in the shadow zone as much as possible, and consume a large amount of liquid. The period of exposure to open sunlight should begin with a few minutes, increase gradually and not exceed 30 minutes in a row. It is important to periodically enter the shadow zone and wear a hat. Use sunscreens for skin with a protective factor of at least 30-50. Enter the water gradually, start with washing, then dipping, then swimming. Do not stay in the water for more than 5 minutes in a row, actively move in the water. Signs of overheating can be severe weakness and lethargy, fever, vomiting, headache. First aid should be to move the patient into the shady cool zone, use a large amount of cool water, use antipyretics. In such cases, urgent medical attention should be sought. In case of sunburn, do not expose sunlight to the burn, use products containing panthenol. If necessary, you need to seek help from a dermatologist.

One of the most frequent dangerous diseases in children are respiratory viral and bacterial infections. These are adenovirus infections, sore throats, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, otitis. They are transmitted by airborne droplets from patients and carriers of infection. They are promoted by their stay in the sun, hypothermia, temperature changes during a sharp shift from warm space to cold, under a direct flow of cold air from air conditioners. It is important to follow preventive measures and timely treat and isolate the sick people.

Also in the summer, insect bites (bees, wasps, mosquitoes, ticks) can be dangerous. Dangerous complications can be an acute allergic reaction to a bite in the form of laryngeal edema (Quincke), anaphylactic shock, a common allergic edema at the site of the bite. The first signs may be the appearance of lethargy, even to the loss of consciousness, cold sweat, a disturbance of consciousness, suffocation. The onset of such symptoms requires treatment for emergency medical care, since in this situation it is important to rapidly introduce anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Bites of ticks can often occur in forests. Complications may be tick-borne encephalitis, the causative agents of which may be transferred by mites. After a walk in the forest, it is important to inspect the baby's skin in order to avoid getting the tick. If suddenly detected, you need to seek medical help in order to extract it and identify it in a hospital.

In summer, when children are on public beaches or swimming in public showers, the risk of skin fungal infections increases. They appear as the appearance of characteristic eruptions in various parts of the body. If you suspect a fungal rash should contact a dermatologist.

During a vacation abroad in exotic countries, a disease of certain tropical diseases becomes dangerous. There are endemic zones, i. Zones of high prevalence of tropical diseases. If, after visiting such countries, the child's health is disturbed, fever, lethargy, skin rashes, vomiting, nausea, it is necessary to urgently go to the infectious department in order to determine the pathogen and adequate treatment.

To leave a positive memory of new positive impressions and was not overshadowed by the disease, it is important to follow preventive measures, rules of hygienic norms and personal hygiene, adhere to the rules of acclimatization and adaptation to a new climate, and also to exclude contacts with sick people. The key to health is prevention and timely and adequate therapy.

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