By the hypertonus of the lower segment of the uterus, or the inverse gradient, is understood such a pathological condition, when the contraction wave begins in the lower uterine segment and spreads upward with decreasing force and duration, while the lower segment contracts more strongly than the body and the uterine fundus.
Circular dystopia of the uterus (contraction ring) - pathology, which is due to contractions of the circular muscle fibers at different levels of the uterus (except the cervix).
Convulsive fights are characterized by a prolonged contraction of the uterine musculature. In tetany, the uterus contraction follows one after another, pauses between them are not observed. With the onset of tetany, the frequency of contractions increases (more than 5 fights in 10 minutes), their intensity progressively decreases and rapidly because of incomplete relaxation, the uterine hypertonus increases.
The latent phase is the time between the onset of labor and the onset of the active phase (the rise of the curve indicating the opening of the cervix). The average duration of the latent phase in primitive women is 8.6 hours, in the case of re-parenting - 5.3 hours.
Prolonged active phase of labor is characterized by a delayed opening of the cervix. The rate of opening is less than 1.2 cm / h in primiparous and less than 1.5 cm / h in multiparous women.
Secondary cervical dilatation can be recorded when the maximum opening on the Friedman curve in the active phase of delivery is stopped for 2 hours or more.
The prolonged phase of deceleration is characterized by an increase in its duration in primiparas by more than 3 hours, in repetitive ones - by more than 1 hour. Under normal conditions, the average duration of the deceleration phase is 54 minutes in primiparas, and in 14 months - in multi-generators.
Progressive advancement of the presenting part of the fetus in the cavity of the small pelvis (lowering) is an important sign of normal delivery. Lowering usually begins with the maximum opening of the cervix and is easily traced in the phase of deceleration and especially in the second stage of labor. In some parturient women, subsidence is completely absent.
The main biological effect of oxytocin in mammals, both in vivo and in vitro, is to stimulate contraction of the uterine muscles and myoepithelial cells surrounding the alveoli of the mammary gland.
The experimental and clinical substantiation of the use of beta-adrenomimetics, in particular of isadrin, in the complex therapy of miscarriage is carried out. Pregnant women were prescribed either only Isadrin or Isadrin in combination with spasmolytic or with no-shp. Iazrin was given in the form of tablets 0.5-0.25 mg 4 times a day.