Recognition of the initial symptoms of violations of motor function of the uterus in childbirth, a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of anomalies of labor activity based on clinical observations alone is very difficult, so now the methods of monitoring monitoring in pregnancy, even at home, internal hysterography, cardiotocography.
The prognosis of labor and the strength of uterine contractions is almost impossible. Some authors begin to use in the birth of uterotrophic drugs (oxytocin, prostaglandin), when the uterine activity according to the internal hysterography when it is registered for an hour does not exceed 100 units. Montevideo.
To clarify the nature of the breach of contractile activity of the uterus in the early stages of its development, along with the study of coordination, strength and frequency, duration and rhythm of uterine contractions, it is also necessary to take into account the disturbances of the tone of the uterus.
The central problem in modern obstetrics is the regulation of labor, since clarifying the nature of the mechanisms that stimulate the contractile activity of the uterus is a necessary prerequisite for reducing the number of pathological births, surgical interventions, hypo- and atonic bleeding, and reducing perinatal mortality.
It is important to note that studies aimed at studying the architectonics of myometrium and anatomo-histological studies of the structure of the uterus showed that the uterus, by the end of the pregnancy, increases along the length to 36 cm, its width reaches 25 cm, the thickness (anterior-posterior diameter) of the body to 24 cm .
The pathology of the placenta, including its insufficiency in the structure of the causes of perinatal pathology and mortality is 20-28%. Chronic insufficiency of the placenta against the background of a high degree of its immaturity and the violation of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms, primarily vascular, can lead to absolute placental insufficiency and numerous complications in childbirth.
Primary weakness is observed in cases of weakness in the muscles of the abdominal press in multifaceted women with excessively stretched and relaxed abdominal muscles, with infantilism, obesity, as well as abdominal wall defects in the form of hernia of the white abdominal line, umbilical and inguinal hernia, with myasthenia, with spinal injuries.
Weakness of labor is a condition in which the intensity, duration and frequency of contractions are insufficient, and therefore smoothing the cervix, opening the cervical canal and moving the fetus, when it corresponds to the pelvic size, is slow.
For the successful development of scientific and practical obstetrics, it is of fundamental importance to elucidate the causes of anomalies of labor and the most reasonable pathogenetic treatment.
For the speed of lowering the present part of the fetus, these boundaries are respectively equal to 6.4 and 14.0 cm. Therefore, for practical purposes, it should be considered that rapid delivery (not to be confused with a rapid birth) is characterized by the rate of opening the cervix and lowering the presenting part of the fetus, exceeding 5 cm / h in primiparas and 10 cm / h in the miscreant.