Water balance is important to reduce the risk of heart failure
Last reviewed: 07.06.2024
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We often hear from nutritionists about the need to drink enough water - one and a half to two liters daily. And such recommendations are indeed justified. For example, researchers have proven that maintaining a normal water balance reduces the risk of heart problems in the long term.
In their study, the scientists studied the medical information of eleven thousand adult patients aged 45-66 for 25 years. Indicators of water balance were carefully studied - in particular, the level of sodium in the bloodstream was constantly monitored. Against the background of decreased fluid intake, this level usually increases, with a norm of 135-146 mmol/liter. At the same time, with increased sodium level in the body "turns on" the mechanism of water saving.
According to the results of the research work, it was noted that patients with a sodium level of more than 143 mmol/liter had a 39% increased risk of heart problems. In addition, each increase in this indicator by 1 mmol/liter increased the likelihood of heart failure by 5%.
It is important to note that the study did not include patients with potentially heart-damaging conditions such as obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, etc.
At the moment, it is impossible to trace a clear mechanism by which the increased level of sodium in the bloodstream provokes the development of heart failure. But we can already say for sure: drinking enough water is the key to normal cardiovascular function. For example, with an adequate water-electrolyte balance, the load on the heart is significantly reduced. When the blood sodium content is high, the body produces the hormone ADH (antidiuretic), which directly affects renal function. Under the influence of the hormone, the kidneys "turn on" the economy mode, the urine becomes more concentrated, the daily diuresis decreases. At the same time, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism is activated, contributing to an increase in blood pressure. All these processes together put additional strain on the heart, which may be associated with the further development of heart failure.
So how much water should be consumed to prevent the development of cardiac problems? Experts note that the norm is different for everyone and depends on the level of physical activity, general health and the need to take medications. On average, the recommended amount of water for women is about 1.5-2 liters/day, and for men - 2-2.5 liters/day. For people with health problems, the norm of fluid intake should be determined by a doctor on an individual basis. This is especially true for patients with diabetes, obesity and diseases of the urinary and cardiovascular systems.
Information published in European Journal of Cardiology