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Dyskinesia of the large intestine
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Functional disorders of the colon - one of the most common diseases of the digestive system, which, according to various authors, is 30 to 70% in the structure of gastroenterological pathology.
Dyskinesia of the large intestine is a functional disorder of the colon, characterized by a violation of its motor function in the absence of organic changes. The most widely used term abroad for the functional pathology of the colon is "irritable bowel syndrome". With respect to pediatric practice, this term is understood as one of the variants of dyskinesia of the large intestine - a psychosomatic disease characterized by an increased sensitivity of the colon receptors to the spill, mainly neurohumoral, stimuli.
[Causes of dyskinesia of the colon
The causes of dyskinesia of the large intestine include many causes, both endogenous and exogenous. They matter:
- hereditary burden - constipation, vegetative dystonia, metabolic and endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, insufficiency of the adrenal cortex);
- acute intestinal infections in the first months of life;
- early translation for artificial feeding.
What causes dyskinesia of the colon?
Classification. There are two types of dyskinesia of the colon:
- hypertensive and
- hypotonic.
Symptoms of dyskinesia of the colon
The main manifestations of dyskinesia of the colon - a violation of the rhythm of defecation and abdominal pain. The frequency of defecation in healthy children is variable, stool retention for more than 2 days, delayed, difficult or systematically inadequate bowel evacuation is usually regarded as constipation.
Where does it hurt?
What's bothering you?
Diagnosis of dyskinesia of the colon
Diagnosis of dyskinesia of the colon is based on careful collection of history and the results of instrumental diagnostic methods.
Colonodynamic and electromyographic studies make it possible to measure the parameters of the reservoir and evacuation functions of the colon, assess the condition of anal sphincters:
- in hypertensive dyskinesia, decrease in the volume of the distal part of the intestine, accelerated appearance of the reflex to emptying;
- with hypotonic dyskinesia, the volume of the distal part is enlarged, hyporeflexia is expressed, often in combination with the rectodolyshosigma.
What do need to examine?
What tests are needed?
Treatment of dyskinesia of the colon
Treatment of dyskinesia of the colon is carried out taking into account the etiological factor and the type of dyskinesia.
All patients with dyskinesia of the colon are shown the optimal mode of work and rest, fighting with hypodynamia, walking; elimination of neuropsychic overstrain. The diet is important. For constipation, it is recommended to eat fresh kefir daily, coarse grains (buckwheat, barley), bread "Health", baked apples, prunes or dried apricots, vegetable oil (6-10 ml / day).
How are dyskinesias treated for the colon?
Clinical follow-up is carried out for 1 year. As an anti-relapse therapy, repeated courses of phytotherapy, eubiotics, mineral waters, vitamins are carried out.